Hotspot Fields of Isotopes Tracing in Agricultural Science

doi:10.7538/tws.2019.32.03.0162

Abstract

Abstract:

For better understanding the traits and advantages of the isotopes tracing technology, the research hotspot fields of isotopes technology in agricultural sciences were reviewed. ¹⁵N and ³²P tracing technology being applied to study the nutrient transformation, provided important theory support for efficient utilization of nutrients. ¹³C and ¹⁵N tracing technology used extensively in soil organic carbon cycling and greenhouse emissions, showed prominent advantages among traditional technologies. ¹⁴C tracing technology performed important technical support for environmental impact assessment of new agricultural chemicals. Isotopic fingerprint technology, such as stable isotope ratio and δ¹³C, provided an important tool for analysis of environmental behavior of agricultural pollutants and its traceability. This technology also provided technical ideas for tracing the source of high quality agricultural produce. ¹⁰⁹Cd and ⁶⁵Zn tracing technology provided indispensible technical support for studying environmental behavior of Cd and Zn. ⁷Be and ¹³⁷Cs tracing technology also used as a unique tool for studying ecosystem stability.

Key words: nutrient cycling, greenhouse gas emission reduction, source resolution, heavy metals pollution, environmental nuclides

摘要：

为深入了解同位素示踪技术的特点和优势，重点总结了近年来在农业科学相关领域的一些应用研究热点。¹⁵N、³²P示踪为揭示作物营养元素有效转化机理，创建养分高效利用技术模式提供重要支持。¹³C、¹⁵N示踪在土壤有机碳循环、温室气体减排研究中，凸显了独特优势。¹⁴C示踪为我国自主创制的新农用化学物质生态环境影响评价，提供重要技术支撑。稳定性同位素比率、δ¹³C等同位素指纹技术，为明确农田污染物的环境行为、解析污染源，提供了重要手段；为国家名特优农产品原产地溯源，提供原创的技术性思路。¹⁰⁹Cd、⁶⁵Zn示踪为揭示土壤重金属镉、锌污染环境行为，提供不可或缺的技术支持。环境核素⁷Be、¹³⁷Cs示踪在生态系统稳定性研究方面，发挥了不可替代的作用。

关键词: 养分循环, 温室气体减排, 源解析, 重金属污染, 环境核素

YANG Juncheng;LI Guihua;JIANG Huimin;ZHANG Jianfeng;ZHANG Juan. Hotspot Fields of Isotopes Tracing in Agricultural Science[J]. Journal of Isotopes, 2019, 32(3): 162-170.

杨俊诚;李桂花;姜慧敏;张建峰;张娟. 同位素示踪农业应用的研究热点[J]. 同位素, 2019, 32(3): 162-170.

References

［1］李树山，杨俊诚，姜慧敏，等. 有机无机肥料氮素对冬小麦季潮土氮库的影响及残留形态分布［J］. 农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1185-1193.Li Shushan, Yang Juncheng, Jiang Huimin, et al. Effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer on N pools distribution of residual N fractions in fluvo-aquic soil under the winter wheat system［J］. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2013, 32(6): 1185-1193(in Chinese).
［2］姜慧敏，李树山，张建峰，等. 外源化肥氮素在土壤有机氮库中的转化及关系［J］. 植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(6):1421-1430.Jiang Huimin, Li Shushan, Zhang Jianfeng, et al. Transformation of external chemical nitrogen in soil organic nitrogen fractions and their relationship［J］. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2014, 20(6): 1421-1430(in Chinese).
［3］Jiang H M, Zhang J F, Yang J C. Optimal nitrogen management enhanced external chemical nitrogen fertilizer recovery and minimized losses in soil-tomato system［J］. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2015, 7(3): 179-191.
［4］Yang J C, Wang Z G, Zhou J, et al. Inorganic phosphorus fractionations and its translocation dynamics in a low-P soil［J］. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2012, 112: 64-69.
［5］梅勇. 耐盐饲料芸薹修复盐碱荒地的作用与其盐胁迫下的营养生理［D］. 北京：中国农业科学院,2005.
［6］杨兰芳,蔡祖聪. 玉米生长和施氮水平对土壤有机碳更新的影响［J］. 环境科学学报,2006,26(2):280-286.
Yang Lanfang, Cai Zucong. Effects of growing maize and N application on the renewal of soil organic matter［J］. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26(2): 280-286(in Chinese)
［7］刘启明，王世杰，朴明春，等. 稳定碳同位素示踪农林生态转换系统中土壤有机质的含量变化［J］. 环境科学,2002,23(3):75-78.Liu Qiming, Wang Shijie, Piao Mingchun, et al. Soil organic matter changes of turnover ecosystems traced by stable carbon isotopes［J］. Environmental Science, 2002, 23(3): 75-78(in Chinese).
［8］Marc M, Franz B, Andreas G, et al. Determination of the fate of ¹³C-labelled maize and wheat rhizodeposit-C in two agricultural soils in a greenhouse experiment under ¹³C-CO₂-enriched atmosphere［J］. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2007, 39: 3043-3055
［9］王秀斌. 优化施氮下冬小麦/夏玉米轮作农田氮素循环与平衡研究［D］. 北京：中国农业科学院,2009.
［10］姜慧敏，张建峰, 李玲玲，等. 优化施氮模式下设施菜地氮素的利用及去向［J］. 植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(5):1146-1154.Jiang Huimin, Zhang Jianfeng, Li Lingling, et al. Utilization and fate of N in greenhouse vegetable under optimized N fertilization［J］. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2013, 19(5): 1146-1154(in Chinese).
［11］陈敏，贺宇鹏，杨亚天，等. 好氧条件下环氧虫啶在土壤中的快速降解研究［J］. 核农学报,2016,30(5):949-956.Chen Min, He Yupeng, Yang Yatian, et al. Study on rapid degradation of chiral insecticide cycloxaprid in soils under aerobic conditions［J］. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 30(5): 949-956(in Chinese).
［12］Liu X, Xu X, Li C, et al. Degradation of chiral neonicotinoid insecticide cycloxaprid in flooded and anoxic soil［J］. Chemosphere, 2015, 119: 334-341.
［13］张晗雪，陈敏，王伟，等. ¹⁴C-环氧虫啶光学异构体在不同土壤中的矿化、结合残留及其在腐殖质中的分布［J］. 核农学报,2016,30(1):145-153.Zhang Hanxue, Chen Min, Wang Wei, et al. Diastereoselective mineralization and bound residue formation of ¹⁴C-cycloxaprid and its distribution in humus in aerobic and flooded paddy soils［J］. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 30(1): 145-153(in Chinese).
［14］Mansuy L, Philp R P, Allen J. Source identification of oil spills based on the isotopic composition of individual components in weathered oil samples［J］. Environ Sci Technol, 1997, 31(12): 3417-3425.
［15］Philp R P, Allen J, Kuder T. The use of the isotopic composition of individual compounds for correlating spilled oils and refined products in the environment with suspected sources［J］. Environmental Forensics, 2002, 3(3-4): 341-348.
［16］彭先芝，刘向，叶兆贤，等. 化学与稳定同位素指纹示踪原油类污染：以广东南海两次小型溢油事件为例［J］. 地球化学,2004,33(3):317-323.Peng Xianzhi, Liu Xiang, Ye Zhaoxian, et al. Applications of chemical and stable isotopic fingerprints for oil contamination identification: Case studies of two heavy oil spills in Nanhai, Guangdong Province, China［J］. Geochimica, 2004, 33(3): 317-323(in Chinese)
［17］Sun Y G, Chen Z Y, Xu S P, et al. Stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic fractionation of individual n-alkanes accompanying biodegradation: evidence from a group of progressively biodegraded oils［J］. Organic Geochemistry, 2005, 36(2): 225-238.
［18］Li Y, Xiong Y Q, Yang W Y, et al. Compound-specific stable carbon isotopic composition of petroleum hydrocarbons as a tool for tracing the source of oil spills［J］. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2009, 58(1): 114-117.
［19］Jason M E, Ahad R S G, Charlotte L B, et al. Sources of n-alkanes in an urbanized estuary: Insights from molecular distributions and compound-specific stable and radiocarbon isotopes［J］. Marine Chemistry, 2011, 126(1-4): 239-249.
［20］Rogers K M, Savard M M. Detection of petroleum contamination in river sediments from Quebec city region using GC-IRMS［J］. Organic Geochemistry, 1999, 30(12): 1559-1569.
［21］Mazeas L, Budzinski H. Molecular and stable carbon isotopic source identification of oil residues and oiled bird feathers sampled along the atlantic- coast of France after the erika oil spill［J］. Environ Sci Technol, 2002, 36(2): 130-137.
［22］Sun Y G, Sheng G Y, Peng P A, et al. Compound-specific stable carbon isotope analysis as a tool for correlating coal-sourced oils and interbedded shale-sourced oils in coal measures: an example from Turpan basin, north-western China［J］. Organic Geochemistry, 2000, 31(12): 1349-1362.
［23］Zhang J, Wang R Q, Yang J C, et al. Using variances in hydrocarbon concentration and carbon stable isotope to determine the important influence of irrigated water on petroleum accumulation in surface soil［J］. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2013, 20(5): 3381-3394.
［24］袁玉伟，张永志，付海燕，等. 茶叶中同位素与多元素特征及其原产地PCA-LDA 判别研究［J］. 核农学报,2013,27(1):47-55.Yuan Yuwei, Zhang Yongzhi, Fu haiyan, et al. Application of PCALDA method to determine the geographical origin of tea based on determination of stable isotopes and multi-elements［J］. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2013,27(1): 47-55(in Chinese).
［25］郭波莉，魏益民，魏帅，等. 牦牛肉中稳定同位素指纹特征及影响因素［J］. 中国农业科学,2018,51(12):2391-2397.Guo Boli, Wei Yimin, Wei Shuai, et al. The characters and influence factors of stable isotope fingerprints in yak muscle［J］. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(12): 2391-2397(in Chinese).
［26］Lu C A, Zhang J F, Jiang H M, et al. Assessment of soil contamination with Cd, Pb and Zn and source identification in the area around the Huludao Zinc Plant［J］. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 182: 743-748.
［27］姜慧敏，杨俊诚，张建峰. 应用¹⁰⁹Cd²⁺-⁶⁵Zn²⁺示踪技术研究玉米P Cd Zn间的交互作用［J］. 农业环境科学学报,2006,25(3):560-565.Jiang Huimin, Yang Juncheng, Zhang Jianfeng. Interactions of phosphorus, cadmium and zinc absorbed by maize under various phosphorus levels by using ¹⁰⁹Cd and ⁶⁵Zn tracer techniques［J］. Journal of AgroEnvironment Science, 2006, 25(3): 560-565(in Chinese)
［28］王轶虹，杨浩，王小雷，等. 利用¹³⁷Cs示踪技术对土壤侵蚀的研究［J］. 安徽农业科学,2010,38(3):1366-1370.Wang Yihong, Yang Hao, Wang Xiaolei, et al. Application of ¹³⁷Cs tracer technique in studying soil erosion［J］. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 38(3): 1366-1370(in Chinese).
［29］聂国辉，许建新，叶永棋，等. ¹³⁷Cs在浙江省水土流失背景值监测中的应用［J］. 浙江水利科技,2008,3:22-23,26.Nie Guohui, Xu Jianxin, Ye Yongqi, et al. Application of Cs-137 to monitoring background value of soil and water loss in Zhejiang［J］. Zhejiang Hydrotechnics, 2008, 3: 22-23, 26(in Chinese).
［30］阎百兴，汤洁.东北黑土中¹³⁷Cs背景值研究［J］. 水土保持学报,2004,18(4):33-36.Yan Baixing, Tangjie. Study on reference Cesium 137 inventory of black soil in northeast China［J］. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004, 18(4): 33-36(in Chinese).
［31］张信宝，汪阳春，李少龙. ¹³⁷Cs法调查黄土高原小流域的土壤侵蚀和泥沙来源［J］. 地球科学进展,1991,6(6):88.Zhang Xinbao, Wang Yangchun, Li Shaolong. Investigation of soil erosion and mug sources form Huangtu Plateau area with ¹³⁷Cs［J］. Scientific Development of Earth, 1991, 6(6): 88(in Chinese).
［32］张信宝，汪阳春，李少龙，等.蒋家沟流域土壤侵蚀及泥石流细粒物质来源¹³⁷Cs法初步研究［J］. 中国水土保持,1992,2:28-31.Zhang Xinbao, Wang Yangchun, Li Shaolong, et al. A preliminary study on the sources of fine materials of the sediment and debris flow［J］. Soil and Water Conservation in China,1992, 2: 28-31(in Chinese).
［33］李勇，张建辉，杨俊诚，等. 陕北黄土高原陡坡耕地土壤侵蚀变异的空间格局［J］. 水土保持学报,2000,14(4):17-21.Li Yong, Zhang Jianhui, Yang Juncheng, et al. Spatial patterns of soil erosion on steep cultivated hillslope in Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi［J］. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 2000, 14(4): 17-21(in Chinese).
［34］Négrel P, Pquwels H, Chabaux F. Characterizing multiple water-rock interactions in the critical zone through Sr-isotope tracing of surface and groundwater［J］. Applied Geochemistry, 2018, 93: 102-112.
［35］Berry D, Loy A. Stable-isotope probing of human and animal microbiome function［J］. Trends in Microbiology, 2018, 26(12): 999-1007.