放射性治疗药物的发展现状与展望

doi:10.7538/tws.2022.35.03.0151

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 放射性治疗药物是将放射性核素与载体结合，利用放射性核素适宜的射线能量和在组织中的射程，选择性集中照射病变组织，同时避免正常组织受损并获得预期治疗效果，现主要用于肿瘤治疗或缓解肿瘤相关症状等。放射性药物广泛应用于肿瘤诊疗、心肌显像、神经退行性疾病早期发现和炎症组织显像诊断等。近年来，随着靶向性配体的快速发展，以及新型医用核素广泛应用，放射性治疗药物受到了越来越多的关注，目前¹⁵³Sm、⁸⁹Sr、²²³Ra、⁹⁰Y、¹³¹I和¹⁷⁷Lu等核素常用于治疗癌症骨转移、肝癌、甲状腺癌等，且治疗上显示出较大潜力，相关放射性治疗药物的研究也迅速增加。本文就已上市和研究阶段放射性治疗药物的临床应用和发展现状进行介绍，以期为我国放射性治疗药物的研发提供参考。

关键词: 放射性治疗药物, 临床应用, 研发, 现状

Abstract: Therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals combine radionuclides with carriers. It uses radionuclide suitable radiation energy and range in the tissue, selectively concentrated irradiation of diseased tissue, while avoiding damage to normal tissue and achieving the desired therapeutic effect. It is mainly used for cancer treatment or relief of tumor-related symptoms. It is widely used in tumor diagnosis and treatment, myocardial imaging, early detection of neurodegenerative diseases and imaging diagnosis of inflammatory tissues. In recent years, with the rapid development of targeted ligands and the wide application of new medical nuclides, radiotherapeutic drugs have attracted more and more attention. At present, nuclides such as ¹⁵³Sm, ⁸⁹Sr, ²²³Ra, ⁹⁰Y, ¹³¹I and ¹⁷⁷Lu are commonly used to treat cancer, bone metastasis, liver cancer and thyroid cancer, and show exciting potential in treatment. The research on radiotherapeutic drugs is also increasing rapidly. The clinical application and development status of radiopharma in the market and in the research stage are briefly introduced, in order to provide reference for the research and development of radiopharma in China.

Key words: therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, clinical application, development and research, current status

高洁, 郑小北, 王红亮, 李建国, 张岚, 杜进. 放射性治疗药物的发展现状与展望[J]. 同位素, 2022, 35(3): 151-163.

GAO Jie, ZHENG Xiaobei, WANG Hongliang, LI Jianguo, ZHANG Lan, DU Jin. Development Status and Prospect of Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals[J]. Journal of Isotopes, 2022, 35(3): 151-163.

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